Computer Network Basics
10 Chapters Track•Fundamentals

Computer Network Basics

Learn how computers connect, communicate with IP addresses, and route traffic across local networks.

Module Structure10 Chapters
Total Time135 mins

Module Overview

Start your networking journey here with a seamless, 10-chapter hands-on NetLab track. Understand physical Ethernet cabling, IPv4 subnets, ICMP ping testing, MAC addressing and ARP, Layer 2 star switches, automated DHCP address allocation, default gateway routing, SOHO Wi-Fi routers with NAT masquerade, DNS name resolution, and assemble a complete corporate office network in a hands-on NetLab capstone lab.

What You Need

  • No prior networking experience needed
  • Basic computer familiarity

Chapter Lessons & Labs

Learn step by step. Each chapter includes practical tasks and an interactive topology.

Step-by-Step Learning
1Chapter 1•10 mins

Connecting Two Computers Directly

Learn what a Network Interface Card is, how twisted-pair Ethernet cables work, and link two computers directly.

Practice Tasks:
Wire Workstations with Cross-Over Cable
Verify Hardware Link State UP
Test Physical Link with ICMP Ping
Inspect Dynamic ARP Address Binding
Connecting Two Computers Directly Topology Preview
2Chapter 2•12 mins

Setting IP Addresses and Subnets

Learn IPv4 dotted decimal notation, network prefixes, and how subnet masks define local communication boundaries.

Practice Tasks:
Inspect PC-1 Network Settings
Verify PC-2 Matching Subnet
Query IP Configuration in Terminal
Test Subnet Reachability with Ping
Setting IP Addresses and Subnets Topology Preview
3Chapter 3•12 mins

Testing Reachability with Ping

Understand the ICMP protocol, round-trip timing, and troubleshoot packet delivery using the ping utility.

Practice Tasks:
Open Workstation Terminal Prompt
Execute ICMP Ping to PC-2
Verify Round-Trip Latency
Confirm Zero Packet Loss Statistics
Testing Reachability with Ping Topology Preview
4Chapter 4•14 mins

Understanding MAC and ARP

Explore how the Address Resolution Protocol bridges software IP addresses to physical Layer 2 MAC hardware.

Practice Tasks:
Inspect Workstation MAC Addresses
Check Initial Empty ARP Cache
Trigger ARP Resolution via Ping
Verify Dynamic ARP Table Binding
Understanding MAC and ARP Topology Preview
5Chapter 5•14 mins

Building Local Switch Networks

Connect multiple workstations to a central Layer 2 switch using a Star topology and observe dynamic MAC learning.

Practice Tasks:
Wire Workstation PC-3 to Switch SW1
Verify Switch Port Link Indicators
Test Star Topology Reachability with Ping
Confirm Full Subnet Broadcast Health
Building Local Switch Networks Topology Preview
6Chapter 6•14 mins

Automating IPs with DHCP

Say goodbye to tedious manual IP configurations. Discover how the DHCP DORA process automatically distributes IP addresses, subnet masks, and gateways across the office.

Practice Tasks:
Inspect DHCP Server Pool Parameters
Switch Workstation PC-1 to DHCP Mode
Verify Dynamic IP and Gateway Binding
Test Connectivity to DHCP Server
Automating IPs with DHCP Topology Preview
7Chapter 7•15 mins

Connecting to Default Gateways

Understand why switches cannot route outside their local subnet, and how a Layer 3 default gateway connects LAN hosts to external networks.

Practice Tasks:
Configure Default Gateway on Workstation PC-1
Inspect Router Dual Interfaces
Ping Remote External Host across Gateway
Connecting to Default Gateways Topology Preview
8Chapter 8•14 mins

Internet Access with NAT

Explore how common household and small-office Wi-Fi routers bundle a switch, gateway, and Network Address Translation (NAT) to connect private devices to the public Internet.

Practice Tasks:
Inspect Home Router Interfaces
Verify PC-1 Gateway Settings
Test Local Gateway Connectivity
Ping Public ISP Gateway Across NAT Boundary
Internet Access with NAT Topology Preview
9Chapter 9•15 mins

Domain Resolution with DNS

Connect the logical network to human-friendly applications. Discover how DNS resolves human names to IP addresses, and how HTTP serves web applications.

Practice Tasks:
Inspect DNS Server Resource Records
Configure PC-1 DNS Resolver
Verify Name Resolution with nslookup
Access Corporate Portal via Web Browser
Domain Resolution with DNS Topology Preview
10Chapter 10•20 mins

Capstone: Complete Office Network

Put all foundational skills into practice. Cable a workstation, acquire dynamic network settings via DHCP, verify gateway routing, and load intranet services via DNS.

Practice Tasks:
Wire Workstation PC-2 to Office Switch
Obtain Dynamic IP via DHCP on PC-2
Verify Default Gateway Reachability
Open Corporate Intranet Portal in Browser
Capstone: Complete Office Network Topology Preview